A 3D discrete model of the diaphragm and human trunk

Free access article

Issue		ESAIM: Proc. Volume 23, 2008 Mathematical and numerical modelling of the human lung


Page(s)		66 - 77
DOI		http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/proc:082305
Published online		26 July 2008

ESAIM: Proc., 2008, Vol. 23, pp. 66-77
DOI: 10.1051/proc:082305

A 3D discrete model of the diaphragm and human trunk

Emmanuel Promayon¹ and Pierre Baconnier^{1, 2}

¹ TIMC-IMAG, CNRS UMR 5525, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, Institut d'Ingénierie de l'Information de Santé, Domaine de la Merci, F-38706 La Tronche Cedex, France
² CHU Grenoble, Hopital Michallon, F-38700 La Tronche, France

Emmanuel.Promayon@imag.fr
Pierre.Baconnier@imag.fr

Published online: 26 July 2008

Abstract
In this paper, a 3D discrete model is presented to model the movements of the trunk during breathing. In this model, objects are represented by physical particles on their contours. A simple notion of force generated by a linear actuator allows the model to create forces on each particle by way of a geometrical attractor. Tissue elasticity and contractility are modeled by local shape memory and muscular fibers attractors. A specific dynamic MRI study was used to build a simple trunk model comprised of by three compartments: lungs, diaphragm and abdomen. This model was registered on the real geometry. Simulation results were compared qualitatively as well as quantitatively to the experimental data, in terms of volume and geometry. A good correlation was obtained between the model and the real data. Thanks to this model, pathology such as hemidiaphragm paralysis can also be simulated.

Résumé
Dans cet article nous présentons un modèle discret 3D permettant de modéliser les mouvements du tronc pendant la respiration. Les objets du modèle sont représentés par des particules physiques sur leurs contours. Une notion simple de force induite par des actuateurs linéaires permet de génerer des forces au niveau des particules en utilisant un attracteur géométrique. Les propriétés élastiques et contractiles d'un tissu sont ainsi modélisées par des attracteurs de mémoire de forme locale et de fibre musculaire. À partir d'une étude spécifique en IRM dynamique, nous avons construit un modèle de tronc simplifié comprenant trois compartiments : les poumons, le diaphragme et l'abdomen. Ce modèle est recalé sur la géométrie réelle. Nous confrontons les simulations obtenues aussi bien qualitativement que quantitativement, en terme de variation de volume et de géométrie. Une bonne correlation est obtenue entre le modèle et les données réelles. Grâce à ce modèle nous montrons enfin que l'on peut simuler la paralysie hémidiaphragmatique.

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